Different anesthetics, though acting via distinct pathways, converge on a shared effect: re-aligning brain oscillations. Both ketamine and dexmedetomidine increased low-frequency synchronization across hemispheres while fragmenting within-hemisphere communication. These dose-dependent phase shifts may represent a common mechanism for loss of consciousness and offer potential biomarkers for anesthesia depth.

This article explores the NEPTUNE model, a neuroscience framework that explains near-death experiences (NDEs). Instead of mystical visions, NDEs may emerge from brain crisis responses: oxygen loss, hyperactive neural circuits, and a powerful surge of neurotransmitters. Combined with evolutionary defense strategies and psychological interpretation, these processes create the vivid, life-changing experiences survivors often describe as “more real than real life.”